Internal-combustion engine.



F. N'. ISHA'M.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AFR.25, I913.

Patented May 23, 1916.

I awuewtmn wi bnemo FRANKLIN N. ISHAM. OF NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

T0 all/whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN N. ISHAM a citizen of the United States,residing at New London, in the county of New London and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines, of which the fol lowing :is aspecification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines.

Theobject which I have-1n v1ew 1s to provide, cylinders in an engine ofthe kind referred to, of such form as to be. free from being renderedineflicient or useless as the result of being. subjected to expansionand contraction due to the intense heat and rapid :dissipation thereofincident to the operation of such engines. With these objects in viewthe invention consists of a cylinder for internal combustion engineshaving the generic and specific features of construction and novelarrange- 'ment substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

One formof embodiment of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawing in which is shown avertical sectional view of anengine in which my improvements are incorporated.

The working parts of the engine are shown as assembled within andsupported by a frame 1. Formed with the frame. or in a shell 2 attachedthereto, at the upper end of the frame is an annular groove or seat.

form with that o The cylinder of the improvedform consists of a portion3 which is cylindrical in form and the wall of which is of a single anduniform thickness throughout and which has projecting from one endthereof an annular flange 4. This flange forms the only deviation from acylindrical form in- .volved in the portion 3, and therefore extensiveexpansion and contraction of the cylinder due to the high temperatureand rapid lowering of the same to which the cylinder of an internalcombustion engine is subjected has no injurious effect. his

is because the symmetrical form of the cylinder, the uniformity ofthickness throughout the wall thereof, and the absence ofprotuberan'cessubject to more rapid heating and cooling, insure uniform expansion andcontraction throughout the entire part. v

In order that the flange 4 may be maintained at a. tem eraturepractically unithe portion of the cylin- Specification of LettersPatent.

Patented May 23, 1916.

Application filed April 25, 1913. Serial N 0. 763,682.

around the cylinder, for containing a cooling liquid. The upper end ofthe chamber is formed by the flange 4 of the cylinder so that the latteris constantly in contact with the cooling liquid. The lower end of theshell or water jacket has projecting from its inner face a flange 6 theedge of which is located a short distance from the face of the cylinderpermitting the cylinder to expand without contacting with the flange. Inorder to retain the liquid in the chamber, and also to permit thecylinder freely to expand, thereis arranged in the edge of the flange apacking 7 of some well-known yielding kind. If desired the upper portionof the cylinder may have applied thereto a strengthening jacket 8, suchjacket being of another, it may be taken out by removing the head 9,withdrawing the cylinder and introducing another in its place. Thissubstitution may take place without disturbing the frame or any of theother operative parts of the engine. The piston employed in connectionwith the cylinder formed and mounted as described may be of any suitableform, but is preferably so constructed as to expand and contract if atall with uniformity in all the parts subjected to heat.

As herein shown that portion of the piston adjacent to the space in thecylinderin which the gas is ignited consists of a hollow body the wallsof which are of uniform diameter throughout. Attached to the upper endof the piston and secured thereto in any suitable .wayis a protectingplate 11 by which the heat of the ignited gas is prevented from comingdirectl into contact with the wall of the piston. he upper end of thepiston is reduced and surrounding the reduced portion are packing rings12. Arranged in the hollow portion of the piston is a hollow shell 13.somewhat smaller in.

size than the interior ofthe ibody 10 of the piston, forming when theshell is arranged .in the body a space 14 between the two parts for theintroduction of a liquid for cooling the interior of the piston. Thecooling liquid may be injected into the space 14 in any suitable way, asby, means of a pump 15 communicating with the space, and the coolingfluid after circulating. in the space may be drawn oil through adischarge pipe 16 shown by dotted lines.

No claim is herein made to the construction'of the piston or to themeans for cooling the same as this will constitute'the subject-matter ofan application for patent to be made hereafter.

I claim:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder of a uniformsingle thickness throughout having a flange extending from one endthereof, a support for the cylinder having a water jacket formedtherein, the parts being so arranged that water jacket, and a yieldingpacking interposed between the other end of the water,

jacket and the cylinder, the body of the cylinder being otherwiseunconfined, whereby the cylinder formed as described is' mounted in amanner to permit unobstructed uniform longitudinal and lateral expansionand contraction throughout.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature Y in presence of twowitnesses.

. FRANKLIN N. ISHAM.

Witnesses: t

G. DU B015, PHILIP F. LARNER,

Copies 0! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressingthe commissioner of Iatentsj I Washington, 1L0.

